A molecular insight in sport and athletic alpha – actin3 gene in students of Physical Education Faculty and bodybuilders

Abstract

Alpha – actin3 is gene for athletic performance and sport. Three types of genotypes were identified within the gene: RR homozygous, RX heterozygous, and XX which lacks expression of these fibers. All three genotypes were identified among participants. Distribution of these genotypes was significant them, and it is noticeable that XX genotype was less in numbers than the other genotypes. BMI and BFP were in acceptable limits in athletes, but it was found to increase in control group with age. Two males and one female exhibited odd reading regarding muscle mass and testosterone level which was significantly higher than the others. Genetic analysis of these athletes showed SNPs that altered ORFs reading site, and production of different protein from the gene which affected muscle mass dramatically toward higher density, and triggered higher testosterone level in the body as an exceled response to intensive training. The three of them were found to be of XX genotype. Among athletic participants, physical fitness was high especially with young athletes. Most sprinters were found to be RR and RX genotype, while endurance athletes were of XX genotype. Significant SNPs at actin3 gene determined exceled athletes who were found to comprise less than 1%.