Optimization of the urban green area in Erbil territory for sustainable development

Abstract

This research paper studies the status and condition of the green areas in the city of Erbil, for this purpose all green areas in the city (763 plots) and all population number according to 12 sectors are collected ac-cording to their locations and are analyzed spatially by GIS program (Moran I). Researchers have proved that distribution of green areas is random. Moreover, this distribution is not based on the urban planning basics and its criteria: green area per person (GAPP) and green area to the city ratio (GAR) also not based on the basics of urban planning for two criteria  , GAPP is optimized from 9.3 to 14 and  GAR optimized from 0.06 to 0.09 while the equilateral tringle  adopted as optimum distribution  for green area units  GAU, for 12 sectors adopted combined standards together  and the solution was the population density ratio must be 0.01 or less, to obtain criteria and this must preserved and adhered to the planning and laws and regula-tions strictly. This method can be applied to the study of the spatial distribution in order to compare it with the distribution of schools, health centers and other services or infrastructures.