Synthesis and characterization of novel nanocomposites with nanofillers particles and their applications as dental materials

Abstract

Using copolymers materials in the preparation of dental fillings is now more common as a result for needs for more esthetic materials of filling and the international ban on the use of products that contain mercury, amongst others dental amalgams. On the other hand, a disadvantage with the Dental Nanocomposites is that they have a polymerization shrinkage. Particles of the filler are combined in the amongst other components for shrinkage minimization. Filler particle sizes have decreased lately and the majority of Dental Nanocomposites include Nano-particles. New Nanocomposites materials based on 2,2 propyl bisphenyl glycidyldimethacrylate (Bis-GMA) and unsaturated monomers ( Methacrylic acid,Acrylicacid,2,2propylbisphenylglycidyldimethacrylate,Triethyleneglycoldimethacrylate ) with Nano inorganic fillers such as (SiO2,ZrO2 and Hydroxyapatite) were characterized and synthesized for the sake of evaluating the potential applications they have in the field of dentistry, as restoration materials. The initial method was generating and characterizing new dental Nano-composites in presence of Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) as crosslinking agent. Composites which contain Bis-GMA and Triethylen glycoldimethacrylate) at the ratio (wt/wt) of 40/20, filled with various Nanofiller amounts (about 4.6%wt) were produced. Photo-polymerization has been induced with camphoroquinone / N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate(CQ/DMAEMA) present, as a system of photo-initiation. Physicochemical properties, such as volumetric shrinkage (VS), water sorption (WS) and water solubility (WSL) were studied. Characterization is performed with the use of SEM and FTIR spectrum. SEM is utilized for showing the distributions of particle sizes and particle agglomeration of the treated Nanofillers in Nanocomposite. FTIR spectroscopy is initially utilized for identifying qualitative construction of the Nanocomposites. The Thermal stability of all dental Nanocomposites were also studied using the TGA and DSC techniques. The strength and the aesthetic characteristics of resin based Nanocomposite open the possibility of using it for each of the posterior and anterior restorations. Flexural strength, compressive strength, wear resistance and hardness were evaluated. The presented research has the aim of addressing current key utilizations of the practical Nanotechnology in the field of dentistry, most importantly, tooth structure restoration with Resin-based composites (RBCs) which benefit from the Nano-particles.