Design of second order sliding mode observer based equivalent Back-EMF for rotor position estimation of PMSM. Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 3, p. 335–344, 2021. DOI: 10.21533/pen.v9.i3.852. Disponível em: https://pen.ius.edu.ba/index.php/pen/article/view/852. Acesso em: 17 jun. 2026.